Shakespeare's Feminist Consciousness in The Twelfth Night
Abstract(龙溪小学:汪霓霜)
William Shakespeare is the greatest dramatist and poet of the Renaissance. His works is a manifestation of bourgeois humanism thought in the most inadequate way, and has the highest artistic quality. From 1590 to 1600, Shakespeare created his earliest works which include historical dramas and comedies. In this period, Shakespeare's humanism thought and artistic style began to evolve. Since this period of time sees the heyday of Queen Elizabeth rule, a solid unified monarchy and economic prosperity of the United Kingdom, Shakespeare was full of confidence as to the realization of humanistic ideals in the real world and his works were characterized with optimistic, bright color. The Twelfth Night is the last of Shakespeare's early comedies, in which we can find his lyrical style, romantic mood, beautiful ideals of humanism about love and friendship, beauty of life. Especially, Shakespeare created quite distinct and glamorous female characters, while the male characters are somewhat cowardly, selfish。
Key word: love; humanism; The Twelfth Night; Feminism
Contents
Ⅰ.Introduction
1.1 The background characteristic of the times
1.2 The background of the author
Ⅱ.The Twelfth Night
2.1 The main idea
2.2 The main characters
2.2.1 Duke Orsino
2.2.2 Olivia
2.2.3 Viola
Ⅲ.Shakespeare's Feminist Consciousness
3.1 The same social status and similar experience
3.2 The different ideas about love
3.2.1 Women of spycraft in bold pursuit of happiness
3.2.2 Males as timid cowards with no guts
Ⅴ.Conclusion
Works Cited
Ⅰ.Introduction
1.1The background characteristic of times
The Renaissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It first started in ?xml:namespace>
Then British rule is in the heyday of Queen Elizabeth, royal solid unity and economic prosperity. Shakespeare is confident of achieving the ideal of humanism in the real world, works filled with optimism bright colors. The Elizabethan drama, in its totality, is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. But the development of the drama into a sophisticated art form required another influence---the Greek and Roman classics. Lively, vivid native English material was put into the regular form of the Latin comedies of Plautus and Terence. Tragedies were in the style of Seneca. The fusion of classical form with English content brought about the possibility of a mature and artistic drama.
1.2 The background of the author
William Shakespeare is the Renaissance of the great dramatist and poet. He was born on April 23, 1564, in central
Ⅱ.The Twelfth Night
2.1 The main idea
Duke Orsino of Illyria love Miss Olevia, and he was not married at that time, he want to marry with Olevia, but she refused. At that time, a pair of twin brother and sister sailing to Illyria, have cause danger near the sea. Sister Viola change men's play, to join the family of the Duke Orsino paternity children, and as for a messenger courtship to Miss Olevia. But Olivia to Viola disguised as a man 's love at first sight , Viola was secretly in love with the Duke. Later, Olevia happen to encounter on Viola 's twin brother Sebastian , both to mistakenly mistakenly marriage to Duke and Viola also married. Siblings together in the play.
2.2 The main characters
2.2.1 Duke Orsino
He is a noble princess, had a very good reputation, generous, learned, brave is his good side. Of couse, the pursuit of lofty love also is his advantage. But treat love, he became a coward, just put the love to stay in his heart, but not into action, makes him the colour of love is full of self-pity. Love is sincere and warm, but only in his own heart burning, can only get his emotional torture, but can't prompted him to action. The nature of his love with fantasy, even has a love for the sake of love, meditation, every day a person pondering bitter love, he never told Olivia to express his love for her, but sent messengers admiration of love. When his love touched the selfish of the love, it out of the sublime, and appear very secular. After Orsino found Olivia fall in love with Cesario, in order to cut off the love with Olivia, he want to destroy Cesario.
Orsino have the fickle features as well as the man at that time. When he know Olivia and Sebastian have been held the wedding under the auspices of Father, he have completed give up marry with Olivia, and his own feelings quickly transferred to Viola. Although Orsino as an ideal characters portrayed, but his attitude toward love is not strong.
2.2.2 Olivia
Olivia as a noble lady, she have own knowledge and accomplishment. She gave birth to a beautiful, beautiful people can not look up, even the Duke was also deeply impressed by her style, praised she as God came to earth.Olivia is not only smart, but also knowledge of the ordinary. And about her housework , directing the servants also are organized, is a good virtuous master. Most women love to be beautiful compliment, but Olivia does not love . When Cesario said to continue to compliment her words,she left him to pick up the important words, those words of compliment removed . Visible Olivia is not a vain , vulgar woman like sweet and it is this quality is not vanity , just so she steadfastly refused the Duke of courtship, to find their true love of people. Olivia always cold from the attitude of the Duke of love, we can see the said of Olivia character cold , resolutely refused to loved ones who do not , no matter how hard to pray for each other , she has not the slightest concessions. Olivia is proud , but again how proud soul will be in front of Eros respectfully bowed his head . So , for her love, for her love , Olivia becomes warm, tender, like an angel
2.2.3 Viola
She is the incarnation of beauty and rationality. Viola is an active pursuit of love, the pursuit of the representative men. She had heard the Duke, and after listen to the captain 's remarks, she produce a good impression with Duke. However, fate lane person, the Duke loves Olivia and staunch dedication towards love , but Viola did not give up the pursuit of the Duke, even more love Duke. In the process of courtship to Olivia for Duke, she not only abandoned the jealous, being an unusual woman, and showed the talent and extraordinary elegance wisdom. In the first time Viola visit Olivia, she show her imaginative agility, elegance extraordinary conversation, even aloof Olivia is also impressed by her charm, and make love at first sight for “him”. However, Viola is contradictory, although she fell in love painly, but she also try her best to match Duke and Olivia. Maybe on the surface, she looks very timid, and afraid to pursue the love she wanted, but I think she is very rational pursuit of love, is a brilliant woman with humanism, she always had a spiritual that no matter how difficult, the determination she wants to be Duchess not be reduce.she will continue to progress until it succeeds.
Ⅲ.Shakespeare's Feminist Consciousness
3.1 The same social status and similar experience
Orsino and Olivia, one is Duke and one is Earl.They all have wealth of knowledge and a very decent length, both of them are prominent. It can be said that not only have appearance but also have talent. And they have similar experience, they do not have a family, and Olivia had just suffered the pain of losing loved ones, so they experience similar feelings, have better understanding with each other. So when Olivia refuses to Orsino just because her brother died, Orsino did not give up, but more love her.
3.2 The different ideas about love
3.2.1 Women of spycraft in bold pursuit of happiness
Olivia enthusiasm brave and active. She rejected Duke's love, but fall in love with a “man” at first sight in the next day, and use her talents playing a little trick with his ring, just hope the young messenger can appear tomorrow. Because she love “he”, so when she see Sebastian, she hold engagement ceremony hurry. For love, she is once identified, will take the initiative to pursue, using various means, whether small or great wisdom wise, anyway, is to happen, no matter, and is active chase.
Viola selfless dedication. When she heard the romantic stories about Duke, decided disguise to the Duke family and to be a servant, regardless of the difficult on disguise, just do as thinking. She choose forbear her feelings, when one day she could not resist, she choose to fabricate a sister, but she did not get the answers she wanted. She still choose to stay around Duke, the answer of this man even though she is so unsatisfied, she still wholeheartedly in love with him, and for the Duke to told love to Olivia.
3.2.2 Males as timid coward with no guts
Orsino lay in his garden all day sighing , he never thought to be close to the people he loved, just stand their own world to feel the love of his self-righteous. Although Orsino has a noble pursuit of love, but no real action, and never express love in person, only sent his servants to convey information, so that later on Viola Olivia at first sight, all this is because his timid. But words can not express true love, loyalty behavior is the best explanation.
Orsino is guided by the love, his feelings is self- appreciation. He has been loved Olivia, but still have not seen action. Olivia decisive warm, she knows she loves is the kind of style, so then encountered twin brother did not hesitate to courtship, to grasp their own happiness. This figure is a comparison of self-consciousness lags and foresight, highlighting the advancement of women 's self-consciousness.
Conclusion
Shakespeare in The Twelfth Night in the shape of a series of extraordinary courage before, has a distinctive female self-consciousness, and the relative weakening of the male image of the play. In this comparison, Shakespeare was explored from the perspective of women human living environment and social pressures, equality and freedom for women made the life of desire. The play reflects the feminine consciousness landmark. Anyway Shakespeare makes people for the liberation of humanity, equality of status deeper thinking, feminism and more popular, the status of women has improved
Through his complex relationship with a strong artistic image of strength, from those of his typical , but also has a distinct personality of the hero from their actions and to reveal the contradictions in their character . Intense humanism emitted light drama , and excellent and bold artistic skills , and its significance far beyond the scope of his time and country